All Issue

2025 Vol.16, Issue 1 Preview Page

General Article

Mathematical approach to understand the status of urban infrastructure and planning for sustainable development: A Case study of bankura district, west bengal, India
Jaidul Islam1
,
Silpa Chaudhary1
,
Mohd Sayeed Ul Hasan2
,
Nehal Ahmed2
,
Tinku Biswas3
,
Hasan Shakir Majdi4
,
Salah Jasim Mohammed5
,
Abhinav Kumar67*
1Assistant Professor, Dept. of Geography, PRMS Mahavidyalaya, Bankura, West Bengal, India-722150, India
2Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Aliah University, New Town, Kolkata-700160, India
3Assistant Professor, Ganga institute of technology and management, Bahadurgarh-Jhajjar Road Kablana Jhajjar–124104 Haryana, India
4Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon 51001, Iraq
5Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Dijlah University College, Baghdad, Iraq
6Adjunct Faculty, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, 641021, India
7Visiting Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Renewable Energy, Technical Engineering College, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
*Corresponding Author
31 March 2025. pp. 23-45
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

Urbanization and regional development are critical components of sustainable growth, yet their success often hinges on the equitable distribution of socio-economic facilities. In developing economies, the uneven allocation of urban amenities leads to significant disparities in regional development. This study investigates the hierarchical distribution of urban facilities in the Bankura District of West Bengal, India, using secondary data from the Census of India 2011. Statistical techniques are employed to analyze the uneven distribution of socio-economic resources and to identify gaps in service provision across different urban centers. The findings highlight the stark contrast between Bankura, the district’s primary urban hub with comprehensive amenities, and Simlapal, a less developed center with limited resources. By uncovering these disparities, the study contributes a novel perspective on optimizing urban planning to achieve balanced regional development. The research offers actionable recommendations to ensure equitable access to facilities, thereby promoting sustainable development without excluding rural settlements from the zone of service influence. This work not only sheds light on the dynamics of urban planning in the Bankura District but also serves as a model for addressing similar challenges in other developing regions.

Keywords
urban influence
hierarchical arrangement
functional weightage
functional importance
spatio-functional gap
sphere of urban influence
References
1

M.S.U. Hasan and A.K. Rai, Suitability of the Lower Ganga basin groundwater for irrigation, using hydrogeochemical parameters and land-use dynamics. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 30(55) (2023), pp. 116831-116847.

10.1007/s11356-022-24708-936595174
2

L. Sun, J. Wei, D.H. Duan, Y.M. Guo, D.X. Yang, C. Jia, and X.T. Mi, Impact of Land-Use and Land-Cover Change on urban air quality in representative cities of China. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics. 142 (2016), pp. 43-54.

10.1016/j.jastp.2016.02.022
3

Y. Tan, H. Xu, and X. Zhang, Sustainable urbanization in China: A comprehensive literature review. Cities. 55 (2016), pp. 82-93.

10.1016/j.cities.2016.04.002
4

N. Konuk, N.G. Turan, and Y. Ardali, The importance of urbanization in education. The Eurasia Proceedings of Educational and Social Sciences. 5 (2016), pp. 232-236.

5

S. Loughhead and O. Mittal, Urban poverty and vulnerability in India: A social policy perspective. Social change. 30(1-2) (2000), pp. 33-54.

10.1177/004908570003000203
6

M. Jefferson, Why geography? The law of the primate city. Geographical review. 79(2) (1989), pp. 226-232.

10.2307/215528
7

K. Islam and M. Roy, Functional influence of urban centres, their growth and potentialities: an approach of rural development in Purba Bardhaman District. IASSI-Quarterly. 39(3) (2020), pp. 405-419.

8

M.H. Haque, Sphere of Urban Influence: A Case Study of Selected Towns From Birbhum District, West Bengal. International Journal of Social Science & Economic Research. 3(7) (2018), pp. 3527-3538.

9

R. Ramachandran, Urbanization and urban systems in India. 1992, Oxford: OUP Catalogue.

10

N. Crook and T. Dyson, Urbanization in India: results of the 1981 census. Population and Development Review. 8(1) (1982), pp. 145-155.

10.2307/1972694
11

G. Singh, Service Centers, Their Functions and Hierarchy, Ambala District, Punjab (India). 1973, University of Cincinnati.

12

D.N. Jaysawal and S. Saha, Urbanization in India: An impact assessment. International Journal of Applied Sociology. 4(2) (2014), pp. 60-65.

13

V. Sen, District Census Handbook, Part XII-A & B, Bankura, Vol-II of II, Series-20, West Bengal. West Bengal Census Website, 2016.

14

E. Swerts, D. Pumain, and E. Denis, The future of India's urbanization. Futures. 56 (2014), pp. 43-52.

10.1016/j.futures.2013.10.008
15

T. Sadashivam and S. Tabassu, Trends of urbanization in India: issues and challenges in the 21st century. International Journal of Information Research and Review. 3(5) (2016), pp. 2375-2384.

16

D. Kundu, A. Pandey, and P. Sharma, Making Cities Work: Policies and Programmes in India. 2019, National Institute of Urban Affairs.

17

H. Carol, The hierarchy of central functions within the city. Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 50(4) (1960), pp. 419-438.

10.1111/j.1467-8306.1960.tb00359.x
18

R. Jayaraman, D. Rao, M. Kumar, and A. Mishra, Understanding the salient features related to resource management in broadband wireless networks. Resource Management in Advanced Wireless Networks. 2025, New Jersey: Wiley-Scrivener, pp. 81-97.

10.1002/9781119827603.ch4
19

D.L. Huff and J.M. Lutz, Change and continuity in the Irish urban system, 1966-81. Urban Studies. 32(1) (1995), pp. 155-173.

10.1080/00420989550013275
20

D. Kumar, A. Verma, M. Kumar, V. Maurya, and A. Mishra, Utilizing machine learning for the assessment of mosquito repellent effectiveness and decision support in product selection. International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development. 14(4) (2023), pp. 519-533.

21

A. Khan, S. Gupta, and S.K. Gupta, Unmanned aerial vehicle-enabled layered architecture-based solution for disaster management. Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies. 32(12) (2021), pp. 1-29.

10.1002/ett.4370
22

V. Vimal, K.U. Singh, A. Kumar, S.K. Gupta, M. Rashid, R.K. Saket, and P. Sanjeevikumar, Clustering Isolated Nodes to Enhance Networks Life Time of WSNs for IoT Applications. IEEE Systems Journal. 15(4) (2021), pp. 5654-5663.

10.1109/JSYST.2021.3103696
23

A. Kumar, S. Sharma, N. Goyal, S.K. Gupta, S. Kumari, and S. Kumar, Energy Efficient Fog Computing in Internet of Things based on Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Network with Contiki. International Journal of Communication Systems. 35(4) (2021), pp. 1-21.

10.1002/dac.5049
24

A. Mandal, Village Level Discrepancy in Available Facilities, Development and Related Problems: A Case Study of Ramkishore Gram Panchayet, Kulpi CD Block, South 24 Parganas. West Bengal, India. International Journal of Research in Social Sciences. 8(2) (2019), pp. 330-344.

25

S.K. Gupta, P. Gupta, and P. Singh, Enhancing UAV-HetNet Security Through Functional Encryption Framework. Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience. 36(20) (2024), pp. 1-22.

10.1002/cpe.8206
26

J. Zhu, X. Chen, and T. Chen, Spheres of urban influence and factors in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region based on viewpoint of administrative division adjustment. Chinese Geographical Science. 27 (2017), pp. 709-721.

10.1007/s11769-017-0881-y
27

R. Gupta and P. Singh, Sustainable urban planning models for waste management and green infrastructure in Indian cities. Journal of Urban Sustainability. 18(2) (2024), pp. 105-123. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jus.2024.01.005.

28

A. Kumar, V. Sharma, and P. Soni, Urban infrastructure development and its implications for socio-economic growth in India. Urban Development Studies. 32(1) (2023), pp. 78-91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.udstud.2023.07.004.

29

D. Paul and B. Kochunarayana Rugmini, Utilisation of glass powder in reinforced concrete beams for a green environment. International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development. 14(4) (2023), pp. 437-454. DOI: 10.22712/susb.20230034.

30

B. Sarma, S. Das, and A. Gupta, Challenges in social infrastructure development in Tier 2 cities: A survey-based study. Journal of Urbanization and Infrastructure. 15(3) (2023), pp. 45-59. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/juist.2023.09.014.

31

A. Gupta and S.K. Gupta, Flying through the Secure Fog: A Complete Study on UAV-Fog in Heterogeneous Networks. International Journal of Communication Systems. 35(13) (2022), pp. 1-41.

10.1002/dac.5237
32

D.H. Pham, S. Park, and Y. Ahn, A Natural language processing based machine learning approach on building material eco-label databases wrangling. International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development. 15(3) (2024), pp. 367-380. DOI: 10.22712/susb.20240026.

33

A. Gupta and S.K. Gupta, A Survey on Green UAV-based Fog Computing: Challenges and Future Perspective. Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies. 33(11) (2022), pp. 1-29.

10.1002/ett.4603
34

M. Manav and S. Aniket, Determination of thermal comfort in residential buildings of Subtropical highland climate - A Case of Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India. International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development. 15(3) (2024), pp. 285-306. DOI: 10.22712/susb.20240022.

35

A. Gupta and S.K. Gupta, Unmanned aerial vehicles in collaboration with Fog computing network for improving QoS. International Journal of Communication Systems. 37(9) (2024), pp. 1-19.

10.1002/dac.5759
36

I. Sharma and S.K. Gupta, SFL-MDrone: Synchronous Federated Learning Enabled Multi Drones. Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems. 46(4) (2024), pp. 8543-8562.

10.3233/JIFS-235275
37

F. Syed, S.H. Alsamhi, S.K. Gupta, and A. Saif, LSB-XOR Technique for Securing Captured Images from Disaster by UAVs in B5G Networks. Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience. 36(12) (2024), pp. 1-13.

10.1002/cpe.8061
38

I. Sharma and S.K. Gupta, Channel Tracking in IRS-based UAV Communication Systems using Federated Learning. Journal of Electrical Engineering. 74(6) (2023), pp. 521-531.

10.2478/jee-2023-0060
39

D. Khullar, India: A comprehensive geography. 1999, Delhi, India: Kalyani Publishers.

40

V. Kumar, S.K. Gupta, A. Hussain, and A. Sharma, A systematic approach to prevent threats using IDS in IoT based devices. GMSARN International Journal. 19(1) (2025), pp. 107-112.

41

P. Gupta, W.G. Mohd, N. Goyal, S.K. Gupta, and A. Mishra, Energy-Efficient Hybrid Node Localization Underwater Wireless Sensor Network Scheme. International Journal of Embedded Systems, Inderscience. 16(4) (2023), pp. 245-254.

10.1504/IJES.2023.139201
42

I. Sharma, S.K. Gupta, A. Mishra, and S. Askar, Synchronous Federated Learning based Multi Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Secure Applications. Scalable Computing: Practice and Experience. 24(3) (2023), pp. 191-201.

10.12694/scpe.v24i3.2136
43

A. Mishra and S.K. Gupta, Intelligent Classification of Coal Seams Using Spontaneous Combustion Susceptibility in IoT Paradigm. International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization. 44(7) (2024), pp. 757-779.

10.1080/19392699.2023.2217747
44

S. Mukhopadhyay, Memories of the 1947 Bengal Partition and its aftermath: Tanvir Mokammel's Seemantorekha. SAGE. (2021), pp. 135-146.

10.1177/2348448921999039
45

A. Banerjee, A. Sufian, A. Srivastava, S.K. Gupta, S. Kumari, and S. Kumar, An Energy and Time-Saving Task Scheduling Algorithm for UAV-IoT Collaborative System. Microprocessors and Microsystems. 101 (2023), 104875.

10.1016/j.micpro.2023.104875
46

M. Batty, Hierarchy in cities and city systems. Hierarchy in natural and social sciences, 3 (2006), pp. 143-168.

10.1007/1-4020-4127-6_7
47

M.J. Ali and D. Varshney, Spatial modelling of urban growth and urban influence: Approach of regional development in developing economy. Environment and Urbanization ASIA. 3(2) (2012), pp. 255-275.

10.1177/0975425312473225
48

A. Khan, S. Gupta, and S.K. Gupta, Emerging UAV Technology for Disaster Detection, Mitigation, Response, and Preparedness. Journal of Field Robotics. 39(6) (2022), pp. 905-955.

10.1002/rob.22075
49

A. Khan, S. Gupta, and S.K. Gupta, Multi-UAV Integrated HetNet for Maximum Coverage in Disaster Management. Journal of Electrical Engineering. 73(2) (2022), pp. 116-123.

10.2478/jee-2022-0015
50

A. Banerjee, A. Sufian, K.K. Paul, and S.K. Gupta, EDTP: Energy and Delay Optimized Trajectory Planning for UAV-IoT Environment. Computer Networks. 202 (2022), pp. 1-17.

10.1016/j.comnet.2021.108623
51

V. Kumar, V. Pathak, N. Badal, P.S. Pandey, R. Mishra, and S.K. Gupta, Complex Entropy based Encryption and Decryption Technique for Securing Medical Images. Multimedia Tools and Applications. An International Journal. 81(26) (2022), pp. 37441-37459.

10.1007/s11042-022-13546-z35912061PMC9314533
52

S. Ghosh, A. Banerjee, A. Sufian, and S.K. Gupta, Autoregressive Moving Average based Anycast with Support Vector Machine Clustering in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks. Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies. 33(4) (2021), pp. 1-21.

10.1002/ett.4432
53

I. Haque, Infrastructure development and access to basic amenities in Class-I cities of West Bengal, India: Insights from census data. Journal of Infrastructure Development. 8(1) (2016), pp. 36-84.

10.1177/0974930616640089
54

S. Das and D.P. Angadi, Spatio-temporal Analysis of Urban Functional Development and its Zone of Influence: A Micro Level Study of Barrackpore Subdivision, West Bengal. Urban India. 40(2) (2020), pp. 118-137.

55

K. Mandal, S. Chatterjee, and N.D. Chatterjee, Delineating sphere of urban influence: the case of three early urban centres of Eastern India. IOSR J Human Soc Sci, 20(1) (2015), pp. 91-100.

Information
  • Publisher :Sustainable Building Research Center (ERC) Innovative Durable Building and Infrastructure Research Center
  • Publisher(Ko) :건설구조물 내구성혁신 연구센터
  • Journal Title :International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development
  • Volume : 16
  • No :1
  • Pages :23-45
  • Received Date : 2024-12-04
  • Accepted Date : 2025-03-01
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.22712/susb.20250003
Journal Informaiton International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development
Online Submission
  • scopus
  • NRF
  • KOFST
  • KISTI Current Status
  • KISTI Cited-by
  • crosscheck
  • orcid
  • open access
  • ccl
  • isc
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close