• General Article

    Determinants of psycho-comfort in urban outdoor spaces: A Narrative review using latent dirichlet allocation (LDA) algorithm
    Quang Hoai Le, Dongryeol Kang and Yonghan Ahn
    There is a growing body of evidence that urban environment stimuli play a pivotal role in determining human psychological comfort, especially concerning … + READ MORE
    There is a growing body of evidence that urban environment stimuli play a pivotal role in determining human psychological comfort, especially concerning the adverse effects on mental-emotional health. This study sets out to synthesize existing evidence regarding the influence of built environment characteristics on human psychological reactions through a narrative review. This consolidates understanding of psychological experiences in urban contexts by identifying determinant factors and investigating their effects. Through topic modeling and an intensive review of 72 studies, three key themes emerged: Perceived Physical Built Environment Attributes, Mental-emotional Cognitive Mapping, and Sustainable Urban Spaces and Society. Psychological experiences, while inherently subjective and influenced by various factors, can be optimized to alleviate negative feelings and enhance spaces that promote positive emotions, thereby improving user comfort and satisfaction. Herein, developing a comprehensive ‘psycho-comfort’ metric is crucial for urban planners to understand how environmental factors affect psychological well-being and to design spaces that support mental as well as physical health. This direction presents opportunities for future research but requires interdisciplinary approaches and comprehensive evaluations to assess how urban environments influence human psychological comfort and well-being. Such a metric is essential in designing sustainable and engaging urban environments that align with community needs. - COLLAPSE
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    31 March 2025

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    Mathematical approach to understand the status of urban infrastructure and planning for sustainable development: A Case study of bankura district, west bengal, India
    Jaidul Islam, Silpa Chaudhary, Mohd Sayeed Ul Hasan, Nehal ahmed, Tinku Biswas, Hasan Shakir Majdi, Salah Jasim Mohammed and Abhinav Kumar
    Urbanization and regional development are critical components of sustainable growth, yet their success often hinges on the equitable distribution of socio-economic facilities. … + READ MORE
    Urbanization and regional development are critical components of sustainable growth, yet their success often hinges on the equitable distribution of socio-economic facilities. In developing economies, the uneven allocation of urban amenities leads to significant disparities in regional development. This study investigates the hierarchical distribution of urban facilities in the Bankura District of West Bengal, India, using secondary data from the Census of India 2011. Statistical techniques are employed to analyze the uneven distribution of socio-economic resources and to identify gaps in service provision across different urban centers. The findings highlight the stark contrast between Bankura, the district’s primary urban hub with comprehensive amenities, and Simlapal, a less developed center with limited resources. By uncovering these disparities, the study contributes a novel perspective on optimizing urban planning to achieve balanced regional development. The research offers actionable recommendations to ensure equitable access to facilities, thereby promoting sustainable development without excluding rural settlements from the zone of service influence. This work not only sheds light on the dynamics of urban planning in the Bankura District but also serves as a model for addressing similar challenges in other developing regions. - COLLAPSE
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    31 March 2025

  • General Article

    Utilization of marigold-derived bio-adsorbents for the adsorption of methylene blue dye from an aqueous solution
    Charuta Waghmare, Khalid Ansari, Sameer Algburi, Harshal Warade, Hasan Shakir Majdi, Salah Jasim Mohammed, Ahmed Mousa Abdulhadi and Abhinav Kumar
    The study investigates the effectiveness of activated carbon derived from acid-treated marigold flowers to expunge methylene blue (MB), a cationic dye from … + READ MORE
    The study investigates the effectiveness of activated carbon derived from acid-treated marigold flowers to expunge methylene blue (MB), a cationic dye from an aqueous solution. Through batch experiments, a removal rate of over 90% was achieved under specific conditions, notably at a pH of 4.0 with 0.25 g per 100 mL of an adsorbent dosage and an initial dye concentration of 20 mg/L. The adsorption analysis aligned well with the Langmuir isotherm, indicating a maximum adsorption capacity of 14.02 mg/g, suggesting monolayer adsorption on a homogenous surface. Additionally, the kinetic data fit a pseudo-second-order model with a high correlation (R² = 0.99). This implies that the adsorption process is likely chemisorption, involving an electron-sharing or exchange mechanism between the adsorbate and adsorbent. These findings highlight the prospect of using marigold-derived activated carbon as a sustainable bio-absorbent for dye removal in wastewater treatment applications. - COLLAPSE
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    31 March 2025

  • General Article

    Analysis of post-fire residual strength of sandwich panels based on core type and sectional shape
    Bohyuk Lim, Hyungmin Seo, Jiyoung Lee, Daewoong Jung, Heedu Lee and Minkoo Kim
    Sandwich panels are commonly used as roofing materials in warehouses and factories due to their durability and insulation properties. However, the organic-based … + READ MORE
    Sandwich panels are commonly used as roofing materials in warehouses and factories due to their durability and insulation properties. However, the organic-based core of sandwich panels is susceptible to combustion, which can result in a considerable reduction in strength and stiffness in the event of a fire. In the current system, there are no post heating procedures following a fire test. However, determining the residual strength of thermally affected sandwich panels is crucial for ensuring the safety of firefighters extinguishing fire on top of the roof. In this study, the transverse load tests were conducted on fire-damaged specimens to find out the residual strength of urethane panels representative of organic cores following exposure to fire. The residual strength of urethane panels with three different cross-sections was determined with heating times of 10, 20 and 30 minutes. The test results showed that the residual strength of the urethane panel was superior in the order of S-1 (Roof Type), S-3 (Edge Type), and S-2 (Deck Type), which was consistent with the order of the moment of inertia of the upper steel plate, but the relationship with the increase in heating time was not confirmed. However, comparing the test results to the roofing material strength criteria of KS F 1010 (1/100 load of maximum deflection), it was found that at a heating time of 10 minutes, the residual strength exceeded the criteria for all section types, but at higher heating times, most fell short of the criteria. This study confirmed that 1) the residual strength of sandwich panels depends on the cross-sectional properties of the top steel sheet regardless of the heating time, 2) the residual stiffness is determined by the heating time, and 3) finally, the need to establish a post-heating procedure of sandwich panels for residual strength measurement. - COLLAPSE
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    31 March 2025

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    Socio-demographic determinants of climate change knowledge and engagement in low-carbon behavior among students in the Western Himalayas, Jammu & Kashmir, India
    Rouoof Habib Ganie, Pratima Gajbhiye, Abdul Qayoom, Mohammad Abass Bhat, Abhayveer Singh, Bhavik Jain, Kamal Kant Joshi, Aashna Sinha, Abhinav Kumar and Pallavi Sharma
    Jammu and Kashmir, being part of the Himalayas, is thought to be particularly defenseless to the crisis in the climate that is … + READ MORE
    Jammu and Kashmir, being part of the Himalayas, is thought to be particularly defenseless to the crisis in the climate that is generated by adaption techniques for the region to accord with its ramifications. An awakening is essential for the regional climate crisis with its repercussions with respect to concurring in the process of ontogenesis and utilization of the programs in an acquainted way. Thereby there is an exploration of the level of awakenment with respect to the climate crisis for undergraduate scholars. Variations were observed in the antiphon of scholars with respect to their solicitousness semester, gender, family income, residence, father’s job, subject stream, and parental education. Conducive sampling was utilized, and data was acquired from undergraduate scholars of the Valley of Kashmir; it was predicted that scholars are not very aware of climate crisis antecedents. Even though the scholars intended to be engaged in low-carbon characteristics still it hurdles with commitment were predicted to be increased. It was also predicted that there remains a significant change in understanding of the climate crisis, among students concerning their gender and mothers’ education. In the case of “Engagement of Low Carbon Behaviors (LCBs),” students were found to have significant differences concerning gender and subject stream. - COLLAPSE
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    31 March 2025

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    A Blockchain-based architecture for secure peer-to-peer management of personal health information in healthcare networks
    Yogesh Kushwaha, Niranjan Lal and Manisha Manjul
    This article offers an architectural version leveraging blockchain era to decorate the secure control of Personal Health Information (PHI) throughout healthcare carriers … + READ MORE
    This article offers an architectural version leveraging blockchain era to decorate the secure control of Personal Health Information (PHI) throughout healthcare carriers within a decentralized network. By imposing advanced cryptographic protocols, including elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), the version ensures high facts integrity, confidentiality, and green key management, which appreciably optimizes transaction speed and useful resource usage as compared to traditional security techniques like RSA. This approach lets in PHI information from multiple healthcare entities to be securely stored, regarded, and controlled inside a unified blockchain community, mitigating unauthorized get admission to and safeguarding affected person information. Our model supports interoperability with existing health data structures, along with Electronic Health Records (EHR), Electronic Medical Records (EMR), and Personal Health Records (PHR). A dedicated service module is included to standardize and equalize communications among diverse healthcare systems, ensuring consistent information trade and accessibility. The structure additionally introduces robust access manipulate mechanisms, identification verification, and digital signatures to in addition shield towards cyber threats, allowing a resilient system suitable for big-scale healthcare programs. Preliminary opinions screen the model’s capability to deal with giant volumes of PHI at the same time as preserving machine integrity and operational performance, providing a promising alternative to centralized records management tactics. Future research will consciousness on scaling the version for excessive-volume environments and developing extra defences in opposition to evolving threats in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks. This innovative model lays the groundwork for a decentralized, secure, and interoperable healthcare facts gadget with full-size implications for both clinical exercise and biomedical research. - COLLAPSE
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    31 March 2025

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    Sustainability performance analysis of innovative small-scale 3D printed envelope sub-components
    Rosa Romano and Elisa Mazzoni
    This paper, developed in the research projects REVERSING and R3NEW, investigates the sustainability performance of innovative small-scale 3D-printed envelope sub-components for the … + READ MORE
    This paper, developed in the research projects REVERSING and R3NEW, investigates the sustainability performance of innovative small-scale 3D-printed envelope sub-components for the building sector. By analysing 13 case studies involving diverse materials and production techniques, the article aims to assess how Additive Manufacturing (AM) can support the construction sector's sustainability transition. Academic literature and websites of 3D printing research centres and companies were searched to collect data. Furthermore, data were analysed qualitatively against environmental, economic, and social sustainability parameters. Key findings reveal that small-scale 3D printing offers significant advantages in resource efficiency, design customisation, and process quality control, contributing to enhanced circularity and energy efficiency. However, challenges such as limited data availability, energy-intensive processes, and concerns over workers’ exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds remain unexplored. The study proposes a comprehensive system for mapping sustainability performance, focusing on the combined impact of multiple strategies on the overall sustainability of additive manufacturing processes and products on a building scale. Finally, the presented research provides a framework for professionals adopting 3D printing technologies in sustainable construction. It emphasises the need for an integrated evaluation of AM design, material selection, and process optimisation. Future research should focus on understanding process energy consumption control, life cycle assessment, and regulatory development to ensure safe and sustainable AM adoption in the construction industry. - COLLAPSE
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    31 March 2025

  • General Article

    Sustainable basil leaf disease classification: Benchmarking seven deep learning models using transfer learning for urban and rural farming
    Divya Singla, Deepali Gupta and Nitin Goyal
    Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is a widely cultivated aromatic herbs from the Lamiaceae family. People value it for its culinary, medicinal, and economic … + READ MORE
    Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is a widely cultivated aromatic herbs from the Lamiaceae family. People value it for its culinary, medicinal, and economic significance. It contributes approximately 5–7% of global herb production, with demand in the food, pharmaceutical, and essential oil industries due to its antioxidant and antibacterial properties. However substantial yield losses are often seen in basil production due to viral, bacterial, and fungal diseases. Accurate and early disease detection is crucial for sustainable basil farming, yet manual diagnosis remains challenging, particularly in regions with limited agricultural experts. Automated disease detection and decision-support systems can enhance basil protection and yield preservation in both urban and rural agricultural settings. Despite various classification systems, a reliable and secure approach for basil disease detection is still lacking. This paper employs transfer learning for classifying basil leaf diseases using two distinct datasets. Seven pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) models—EfficientNetB3, EfficientNetB2S, Inception ResNetV2, MobileNetV2, ResNet152V2, VGG16, and VGG19—are fine-tuned to distinguish between healthy and diseased basil leaves. The datasets, containing diverse basil leaf images affected by common diseases, help evaluate model robustness under varying environmental and imaging conditions. Performance parameters such as accuracy, precision, recall, and loss are analysed to compare model efficacy. Results demonstrate that transfer learning significantly improves disease classification, with EfficientNetB3 achieving the highest accuracy for Dataset 1, while all models performed well on Dataset 2. The study demonstrates deep learning’s potential in sustainable agricultural disease management and emphasizes the importance of dataset diversity for model generalization. Future research could explore model ensembling and data augmentation to enhance detection accuracy, supporting resilient and sustainable farming practices. - COLLAPSE
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    31 March 2025
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